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1:44 February 15, 2009 | All news from "Cancer"

Existen ocupaciones que tienen mayor riesgo para desarrollar cncer

Referencia bibliográfica: Oficina de Comunicaciones: “Existen ocupaciones que tienen mayor riesgo para desarrollar cáncer”; publicado en Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas Website el 14 de febrero de 2009; reproducido en Agenda Magna el 15 de febrero de 2009.


Exposición a sustancias cancerígenas y sin protección adecuada puede traer consecuencias fatales.

Las personas que trabajan con sustancias químicas de alta toxicidad, o están sobreexpuestas a los rayos solares o al humo de tabaco, y sin los cuidados respectivos que exigen las disposiciones de bioseguridad, podrían forman parte del grupo poblacional de alto riesgo para desarrollar determinados tipos de cáncer. Entre ellos se pueden mencionar a los mineros, trabajadores textiles, pintores, incluyendo artistas plásticos, carpinteros y personal que labora en bares y casinos, entre otros. 

Así lo dio a conocer el Dr. Carlos Vallejos Sologuren, titular del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN), quien dijo: “Las sustancias químicas que se usan en algunos centros laborales y que están en el medio ambiente, todos ellos, sumados a la poca protección, van a producir a largo plazo cambios bioquímicos a nivel de las células transformándolas en células cancerígenas”. 

Cabe señalar, que entre las principales sustancias cancerígenas al que se exponen muchos trabajadores se encuentran: el arsénico, cadmio, uranio y asbesto, todos ellos muy utilizados en el campo industrial así como en la minería. 

Asimismo, se incluye al alquitrán y la brea que se usan para los trabajos de asfaltado, algunos aceites y disolventes usados en las artes gráficas, la exposición a isótopos radioactivos en la fabricación de dispositivos electrónicos y la aspiración del polvo de madera, que también están relacionados con determinados tipos de neoplasias. 

Según el científico, existen evidencias de que la exposición al hollín o alquitrán tiene relación directa con el cáncer de pulmón y las vías respiratorias. “Se puede deducir que el incremento del uso de productos cancerígenos, o sus derivados, en las industrias, puede aumentar el riesgo de cáncer debido a las exposiciones directas”, aseveró. 

El galeno recomendó a la población trabajadora que aplique las medidas de prevención que consiste en protegerse contra la inhalación, ingestión y contacto directo con productos tóxicos, además de poner en práctica las normas de Prevención y Control del Cáncer Profesional, cuyo reglamento fue aprobado por el Poder Ejecutivo mediante Decreto Supremo Nº 039-93-PCM, del 28 de junio de 1993. 

RAYOS SOLARES Y ELEMENTOS BIOLÓGICOS

 La exposición a un medio físico cancerígeno como es la radiación solar (ultravioleta) en ocupaciones como la pesca, agricultura o los ganaderos que trabajan en las alturas, sobre todo aquellas personas de raza blanca, tendrán alta incidencia de cáncer de piel. 

“Son frecuentes en nuestros consultorios los casos de choferes con cáncer de piel en el brazo izquierdo, pues ellos han sobreexpuesto esa extremidad a los rayos solares y sin la debida protección”, comentó. 

Además, quienes trabajan con elementos biológicos, como secreciones corporales, sangre y que no cumplan las normas de bioseguridad, están predispuestos a algunos tipos de neoplasias malignas. 

TABACO

Las personas que trabajan en lugares donde se permite fumar cigarrillos también están consideradas dentro del grupo de riesgo para el cáncer de tipo ocupacional. Los denominados fumadores pasivos están expuestos a las consecuencias que produce el tabaco, que contiene más 4,000 sustancias tóxicas de las cuales 62 son cancerígenas. Se ha demostrado que su consumo está relacionado con el cáncer de pulmón y otros 16 tipos de neoplasias malignas. 

Como ejemplo de esta población en riesgo se encuentran los trabajadores de bares, discotecas y algunos restaurantes, entre otros, quienes para no perder su trabajo se ven obligatoriamente expuestos a este factor de riesgo cuya toxicidad se potencia hasta en 30 veces más si se acompaña con el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas.

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Original source: http://agendamagna.wordpress.com/2009/02/15/existen-ocupaciones-que-tienen-mayor-riesgo-para-desarrollar-cancer/




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